About This Project

The WatAIR prototype to be developed/improved is a low-cost closed loop solution for removing CO2 from ambient air for use as algae feedstock. The WatAIR prototype is based around two reactors: CO2 capture and CO2 utilization.

In this design, ambient air is blown in to fluidize sorbent particles to selectively capture CO2. Once saturated, the sorbent is hydrated to release captured CO2 and output carbonated water for cultivating algae. The sorbent is then dried and the cycle repeats.

What is the context of this research?

The Waterloo Algae Integrated Removal (WatAIR) direct air capture prototype development is part of a submission to the OpenAir Collective’s yearly Carbon Removal Challenge, a worldwide challenge for students to create new processes, approaches and prototypes to remove carbon from the land, waters, or air. The WatAIR prototype has been a winner of the challenge in the Most Novel Approach category since the challenge began in 2022.

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The WatAIR team is a part of the Engineers Without Borders University of Waterloo chapter and in accordance with the guiding principles of the organization, aims to develop a system that is both low-cost and open-source while also maintaining high standards for safety, scalability, and efficiency.

What is the significance of this project?

The WatAIR prototype implements a novel design in regards to moisture swing adsorption through several methods. The primary novelty is the application of a moisture swing sorbent in a fluidized bed column, where typical research uses packed bed columns or fixed-volume sorbent structures. The second is a novel pre-treatment method which, theoretically, would result in a greater ion exchange capacity for binding with CO2, increasing selectivity.

As well, part of the purpose of this prototype is to demonstrate the ability for carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration (CCUS) projects to be low-cost and open-access, contrary to current economic evaluations of CCUS projects in development.

What are the goals of the project?

In this next stage of development for the WatAIR prototype (May ’24 – Mar ’25), the goals are to (1) improve sensors in place to ensure accurate and consistent CO2 capture results, (2) trial different commercial sorbents and treatment methods to optimize CO2 capture efficiency, and (3) optimize the reactor design for minimized carbon impact of capture cycles.